Earth potential: the basis of the earthing system
What is the potential of the earth?
Earth potential means a certain point on the earth as a base or starting point for electricity measurement. We’re saying that ground is like a starting point for measuring electricity. Anything connected to this point has no power.
The importance of ground potential in the earthing system
Life protection: When an electrical device breaks down and its body is electrified, if it is connected to the ground, the excess electricity will go from the body to the ground and no one will be electrocuted.
Equipment protection: The earthing system protects electrical equipment from damage caused by overvoltages and electrical noise.
Reducing electromagnetic disturbances: The earthing system helps to reduce electromagnetic disturbances and improves the performance of electronic equipment.
Factors affecting the potential of the earth
Soil type: Soil resistance is one of the most important factors affecting the earth’s potential. Wet soils with mineral salts are more conductive and the ground potential is more stable in them.
The depth of the earth electrode: the greater the depth of the earth electrode, the more its contact surface with the soil increases and the resistance of the earth decreases.
The size of the earth electrode: the size of the earth electrode also affects the resistance of the earth. The larger the electrode size, the lower the resistance.
Number of earth electrodes: In cases where the soil resistance is very high, it may be necessary to use several earth electrodes in parallel.
